Mahatma Gandhi: Applying the leadership model

As I was describing the unique traits that the Mahatma had that made him this successful in achieving what no one was able to, my previous blog, I was struck with the thought of applying the model of effective strategic leadership in his case, and see how well he fits into the model. According to the model, there are two aspects to leadership, the charismatic angle and the architectural angle. A complete leader should have traits belonging to both of these aspects.

Charismatic role

Vision and direction: In spite of the fact that Gandhiji preferred to lead from behind, and didn’t believe in making a lot of noise to gather attention, he, in his own strong and silent manner, was able to guide his followers, and give them a sense of direction. His planning of the sequence of events having a national impact, culminating at the Dandi March was perfect. He was able to visualize the effect of each of these actions, and thus was able to plan the next steps accordingly.

Empowered people: For a leader, it is very important that he able to convey to his followers the reasons for his decision, and ensure that they understand and support all of the decisions. Gandhiji ensured that he made everyone feel that they were a major part of the movement, and gave them the freedom express their views and thoughts. He encouraged his followers to think on their own, and act accordingly, as long as there was no violence involved in those actions

Energized people: Gandhiji was also able to constantly inspire people into action, and get their complete support whenever required. By delegating responsibility and giving the people a free run whenever possible, he ensured that his followers were attached to the cause, and ready to contribute to it whenever required

Architectural role

Organization structure: In this case, there was no formal organization to structure, but Gandhiji ensured that in whatever large scale movements that were organized, there was a proper structure, and responsibilities properly delegated.

Management control and reward systems: In spite of his traits of staying more in the background, Gandhiji ensured complete control over his followers. He ensured that no matter how unruly the crowd, they restrained themselves from resorting to violence. However, he didn’t introduce a reward system, as his leadership model was based on selflessness. The only reward offered was the possibility of India attaining freedom.

Though he had both the traits, Gandhiji’s leadership was more inclined towards the charismatic aspect, rather than the architectural one.

In his book, Arindam Chaudhary has described Gandhi’s management style thus: “Mahatma Gandhi's example to me is a perfect case of adopting styles to suit the culture. The country today stands divided on whether what he did was good or bad... I just know one thing: there was never a leader before him nor one after him who could unite us all and bring us out in the streets to demand for what was rightfully ours. To me, he is the greatest leader our land has ever seen. It is 'Theory 'I' management' at its practical best: productively and intelligently utilizing whatever the resource you are endowed with".